Visina i odlike vladavine modernih svjetskih diktatora
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.7251/FLZB2324385MKljučne reči:
Napoleonov kompleks, visina, diktatura, odlike vladavine, XX-XXI vijekApstrakt
„Napoleonov kompleks“ je socijalni stereotip prema kojem niski muškarci iskazuju naglašene bihejvioralne kompenzacije (dominirajuće- agresivno socijalno ponašanje), upravo zbog svog niskog rasta. Počevši od Napoleona, ovaj stereotip se često susreće u kolokvijalnim diskursima o svjetskim liderima i naročito – diktatorima, čija ponašanja i karakteristike vladavine se zdravorazumski dovode u vezu sa njihovom visinom. Nalazi uglavnom ne potvrđuju korelaciju visine i nasilnog ponašanja, ali postoje potvrde pozitivne veze visine i socijalnog statusa, kao i eksperimentalne po tvrde veće bihejvioralne fleksibilnosti niskih muškaraca prilikom takmičenja za resurse. Fokusirajući se na istoriju XX-XXI vijeka, ispitali smo povezanost visine 29 diktatora sa karakteristikama njihove vladavine, koje su kodirane iz dostupne istorijske građe. Prosječna visina diktatora iznosi 175cm (SD=11). Ustanovljeno je nekoliko notabilnih, iako samo anegdotskih veza visine diktatora i varijabli karakteristika vladavine. Veća visina diktatora u vezi je sa nešto većom šansom za: dolazak na vlast nasljeđivanjem i vršenje impulsivnog etničko-imovinskog nasilja tokom vladavine. Socioekonomske implikacije koje su po zemlju proistekle iz perioda vlasti viših diktatora su nešto češće opisivane negativno. Niža visina diktatora je u vezi sa nešto većom šansom za: teritorijalnim ekspanzijama i više ubijenog vlastitog stanovništva (democid). Svi dobijeni efekti su anegdotsko niske pouzdanosti i ne ukazuju na jasan odnos visine i vladavine. Ipak, neke opservacije jesu u skladu sa Napoleonovim kompleksom. Veće sklonosti nižih diktatora ka democidu i teritorijalnim ekspanzijama su vjerovatno uočljive i površnim opservacijama i pretpostavljeno su dovoljne da potkrijepe i održe kolokvijalne narative o važnosti (i prenaglašavanju važnosti) visine u kontekstu ponašanja savremenih diktatora.
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